Last year there were 1,021 cases of West Nile Virus (WNV) disease in 40 US states, and the District of Columbia (DC), according to a Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) report issued by the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - 62% (629) of them were cases of WNV neuroinvasive disease, an incidence nationwide of 0.2 per 100,000 people.

Researchers have demonstrated that cells of the innate immune system are capable of "memory," and of mounting rapid protection to an otherwise lethal dose of live vaccinia virus.

HIV epidemics are emerging in several countries in the Middle East and North Africa among men who have sex with men, a term that encompasses gay, non-gay identified homosexual men, and transgendered and bisexual men.

New University of Cincinnati (UC) research on HIV testing at local emergency departments shows that hospitals miss opportunities to diagnose patients who do not know they are infected with HIV, even when a regular testing program is in place.

Adolescent boys and young men who have sex with men and use methamphetamines appear to be at an increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered rare. But a new study by researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), provides substantial evidence that men with HIV who have sex with other men (MSM) are at increased risk for contracting HCV through sex.