'Megapixel' DNA Replication Technology Promises Faster, More Precise Diagnostics Wednesday, 06 July 2011 00:02 Researchers have developed a DNA measurement platform that sets dramatic new performance standards in the sensitivity and accuracy of sample screening. The advance could improve a range of genetic diagnostics and screenings where precise measurement is crucial--including the early detection of cancer, prenatal diagnostics, the detection of pathogens in food products, and the analysis of single cell gene expression. Read more...   Bacterium Engineered With DNA in Which Thymine Is Replaced by Synthetic Building Block Friday, 01 July 2011 02:55 The genetic information of all living cells is stored in the DNA composed of the four canonical bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). An international team of researchers has now succeeded in generating a bacterium possessing a DNA in which thymine is replaced by the synthetic building block 5-chlorouracil (c), a substance toxic for other organisms. Read more...   Microbe Vs. Microbe: Meta-Analysis Reveals Patterns of Bacteria-Virus Infection Networks Wednesday, 29 June 2011 01:54 Bacteria are common sources of infection, but these microorganisms can themselves be infected by even smaller agents: viruses. A new analysis of the interactions between bacteria and viruses has revealed patterns that could help scientists working to understand which viruses infect which bacteria in the microbial world. Read more...   Scientists Sequence Endangered Tasmanian Devil's Genome Wednesday, 29 June 2011 00:52 A revolutionary species-preservation approach based on whole-genome analyses of two Tasmanian devils -- one that had died of a contagious cancer known as Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) and one healthy animal -- has been used to develop a theoretical model to predict which individuals would need to be kept in captivity to maximize chances of preserving enough genetic diversity for the species to survive. Read more...   Artificial Pancreas Being Developed to Ease Diabetes Burden Monday, 27 June 2011 01:08 The 25.8 million Americans who have diabetes may soon be free of finger pricks and daily insulin dosing. Mayo Clinic endocrinologists Yogish Kudva, M.B.B.S., and Ananda Basu, M.B.B.S., M.D., are developing an artificial pancreas that will deliver insulin automatically and with an individualized precision never before possible. Read more...   Lyme Disease Tick Adapts to Life On the (Fragmented) Prairie Friday, 24 June 2011 01:14 A new study offers a detailed look at the status of Lyme disease in Central Illinois and suggests that deer ticks and the Lyme disease bacteria they host are more adaptable to new habitats than previously appreciated. Read more...   How Dense Is a Cell? Combining Ancient Principle With New Technology, Researchers Devise New Way to Answer Question Friday, 24 June 2011 00:36 More than 2,000 years after Archimedes found a way to determine the density of a king's crown by measuring its mass in fluids, MIT scientists have used a similar principle to solve an equally vexing puzzle -- how to measure the density of a single cell. Read more...   Enzymes Will Play a Key Role in Development of Sustainable Society, Expert Says Wednesday, 22 June 2011 03:52 Enzymes play a central role in the chemistry of living nature. They facilitate our digestion, for example, and often determine the difference between sick or healthy organisms. Read more...   How the Immune System Fights Back Against Anthrax Infections Monday, 20 June 2011 02:51 Scientists at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences have uncovered how the body's immune system launches its survival response to the notorious and deadly bacterium anthrax. Read more...   Chirality: New Method to Consistently Make Left-Handed or Right-Handed Molecules Monday, 20 June 2011 00:45 Many organic molecules are non-superimposable with their mirror image. The two forms of such a molecule are called enantiomers and can have different properties in biological systems. Read more...   Multiple Sclerosis-Like Disease Discovered in Monkeys Friday, 01 July 2011 02:57 Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have discovered a naturally occurring disease in monkeys that is very much like multiple sclerosis in humans -- a discovery that could have a major impact on efforts to understand the cause of multiple sclerosis. Read more...   New Method for Imaging Molecules Inside Cells Friday, 01 July 2011 02:53 Using a new sample holder, researchers at the University of Gothenburg have further developed a new method for imaging individual cells. Read more...   Student Publishes Case for Faster, Less Expensive DNA Analysis Wednesday, 29 June 2011 00:57 A Washington State University student's undergraduate research is challenging a widely held assumption on the best way to analyze old DNA in anthropological and forensic investigations. Read more...   Synthetic Collagen from Maize Has Human Properties Monday, 27 June 2011 02:10 Synthetic collagen has a wide range of applications in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery and in the food industry. For proper function in animals a certain number of prolines within the protein need to be hydroxylated. Read more...   Prejudice Linked to Women's Menstrual Cycle, Study Suggests Monday, 27 June 2011 00:06 Women's bias against male strangers increases when women are fertile, suggesting prejudice may be partly fueled by genetics, according to a study by Michigan State University psychology researchers. Read more...   Strawberries Boost Red Blood Cells, Study Finds Friday, 24 June 2011 00:39 A group of volunteers ate half a kilo of strawberries every day for two weeks to demonstrate that eating this fruit improves the antioxidant capacity of blood. The study, carried out by Italian and Spanish researchers, showed that strawberries boost red blood cells' response to oxidative stress, an imbalance that is associated with various diseases. Read more...   Unexpected Function of Dyslexia-Linked Gene: Controlling Cilia of Cells Wednesday, 22 June 2011 03:52 Scientists at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have discovered that a gene linked to dyslexia has a surprising biological function: it controls cilia, the antenna-like projections that cells use to communicate. Read more...   Human Vaccine Used to Cure Prostate Cancer in Mice Wednesday, 22 June 2011 03:48 Mayo Clinic investigators and collaborators from the United Kingdom cured well-established prostate tumors in mice using a human vaccine with no apparent side effects. Read more...   Taking the 3-D Measure of Macromolecules Monday, 20 June 2011 01:47 The world's first three-dimensional plasmon rulers, capable of measuring nanometer-scale spatial changes in macrmolecular systems, have been developed by researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), in collaboration with researchers at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. Read more...   3-D Tracking of Single Molecules Inside Cells Using New Multifocal Plane Microscopy Method Friday, 17 June 2011 01:12 Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and the University of Texas at Dallas are reporting March 8 at the 55th Annual Biophysical Society Annual Meeting in Baltimore, MD how they are using a novel 3D cell imaging method for studying the complex spatial-temporal dynamics of protein transport, providing a solution to this fundamental problem in cell biology. Read more...

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